Management of Ruptured Corpus Luteum Cyst of Pregnancy Occurring in a 15-Year-Old Girl by Laparoscopic Surgery with Intraoperative Autologous Blood Transfusion

Abstract 

Background

Laparoscopic surgery is a minimally invasive procedure with many advantages. However, laparoscopic treatment of ruptured corpus luteum cyst of pregnancy with massive hemoperitoneum occurring in a young girl has not previously been reported.

Case

A 15-yr-old girl presenting with acute abdomen and hemoperitoneum was referred to our department. A urinary pregnancy test was positive and an ultrasound revealed a gestational sac in the uterine cavity, the preoperative differential diagnosis was narrowed to either intrauterine pregnancy with ruptured corpus luteum cyst or heterotopic pregnancy. Emergency laparoscopic surgery was performed to investigate the cause of hemoperitoneum and a diagnosis of ruptured corpus luteum cyst of pregnancy was established. After retrieving pooled blood in the abdominal cavity for intraoperative autologous blood transfusion, the rupture site with active bleeding was laparoscopically sutured and hemostasis was achieved. At the same time, intrauterine pregnancy was electively terminated at the request of the patient and her family. The postoperative course was uneventful.

Conclusion

Ruptured corpus luteum cyst of pregnancy manifesting massive hemoperitoneum is a rare but life-threatening disorder that can occur even in a young girl. Ovarian conservative treatment can laparoscopically be performed with intraoperative autologous blood transfusion.

Key Words: Corpus luteum cyst, Hemoperitoneum, Laparoscopic surgery, Autologous blood transfusion