Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology
Volume 20, Issue 3 , Pages 181-185 , June 2007

Risk Factors for Ectopic Pregnancy: A Comparison Between Adults and Adolescent Women

  • Seema Menon, MD

      Affiliations

    • Penn Fertility Care, Dept of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress reprint requests to: Seema Menon, MD, Penn Fertility Care, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, 3701 Market Street – Suite 810, Philadelphia, PA 19104
    • ,
  • Mary D. Sammel, ScD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
    • Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
    • ,
  • Michelle Vichnin, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
    • ,
  • Kurt T. Barnhart, MD, MSCE

      Affiliations

    • Penn Fertility Care, Dept of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
    • Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

References 

  1. Current Trends Ectopic Pregnancy—United States, 1990–1992. CDC MMWR weekly. 1995;44:46
  2. Barnhart KT, Sammel MD, Gracia CR, et al. Risk factors for ectopic pregnancy in women with symptomatic first-trimester pregnancies. Fert Steril. 2006;20:1
  3. Zane SB, Kieke BA, Kendrick JS, et al. Surveillance in a time of changing health care practices: estimating ectopic pregnancy incidence in the United States. Matern Child Health J. 2002;6:227
  4. Ankum WM, Mol BW, Van der Veen F, et al. Risk factors for ectopic pregnancy: a meta-analysis. Fert Steril. 1996;65:1093
  5. Ander DS, Ward KR. Medical management of ectopic pregnancy—the role of methotrexate. J Emerg Med. 1997;15:177
  6. Piasarska MD, Carson SA, Buster JE. Ectopic pregnancy. Lancet. 1998;351:1115
  7. Piasarska MD, Carson SA. Incidence and risk factors for ectopic pregnancy. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 1999;42:2
  8. Kamwendo F, Forslin L, Bodin L, et al. Epidemiology of ectopic pregnancy during a 28-year period and the role of pelvic inflammatory disease. Sex Transm Dis. 2000;76:2
  9. Farquhar CM. Ectopic Pregnancy. Lancet. 2005;366:583
  10. Hillis SD, Owens LM, Marchbanks PA, et al. Recurrent chlamydial infections increase the risks of hospitalization for ectopic pregnancy and pelvic inflammatory disease. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1997;176:103
  11. Cates W. Chlamydial infections and the risk of ectopic pregnancy. JAMA. 1999;281:117
  12. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Sexually transmitted disease surveillance: 2002 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, September 2003.
  13. Adams Hillard PJ, Deitch HR. Menstrual Disorders in the College Age Female. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2005;52:179
  14. Saraiya M, Berg CJ, Kendrick JS, et al. Cigarette smoking as a risk factor for ectopic pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecology. 1998;178:493
  15. Johnson CC, Myers L, Webber LS, et al. Profiles of the adolescent smoker: models of tobacco use among 9th grade high school students Acadiana Coalition of Teens against Tobacco (ACTT). Prev Med. 2004;39:551

PII: S1083-3188(07)00036-8

doi: 10.1016/j.jpag.2007.01.007

Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology
Volume 20, Issue 3 , Pages 181-185 , June 2007

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