Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology
Volume 20, Issue 5 , Pages 293-297 , October 2007

Bone Density in Adolescents Treated with a GnRH Agonist and Add-Back Therapy for Endometriosis

  • Amy D. DiVasta, MD, MMSc

      Affiliations

    • Division of Adolescent Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence to: Amy D. DiVasta, MD, MMSc, Division of Adolescent Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, 333 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115
    • ,
  • Marc R. Laufer, MD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Gynecology, Children's Hospital Boston
    • Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
    • ,
  • Catherine M. Gordon, MD, MSc

      Affiliations

    • Division of Adolescent Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston
    • Division of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Boston

References 

  1. ACOG Committee Opinion. Number 310, April 2005. Endometriosis in adolescents. Obstet Gynecol. 2005;105:921
  2. Laufer MR, Goitein L, Bush M, et al. Prevalence of endometriosis in adolescent girls with chronic pelvic pain not responding to conventional therapy. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 1997;10:199
  3. Surrey ES. Add-back therapy and gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists in the treatment of patients with endometriosis: can a consensus be reached? Add-Back Consensus Working Group. Fertil Steril. 1999;71:420
  4. Kanis JA. Assessment of fracture risk: Who should be screened?. In:  Favus MJ editors. Primer on the metabolic bone diseases and disorders of mineral metabolism. 5th ed.. Washington: American Society for Bone and Mineral Research; 2003;p. 316–323
  5. Amama EA, Taga M, Minaguchi H. The effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist on type I collagen C-telopeptide and N-telopeptide: the predictive value of biochemical markers of bone turnover. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998;83:333
  6. Marshall LA, Cain DF, Dmowski WP, et al. Urinary N-telopeptides to monitor bone resorption while on GnRH agonist therapy. Obstet Gynecol. 1996;87:350
  7. Hornstein MD, Surrey ES, Weisberg GW, et al. Leuprolide acetate depot and hormonal add-back in endometriosis: a 12-month study. Lupron Add-Back Study Group. Obstet Gynecol. 1998;91:16
  8. Surrey ES, Judd HL. Reduction of vasomotor symptoms and bone mineral density loss with combined norethindrone and long-acting gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist therapy of symptomatic endometriosis: a prospective randomized trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1992;75:558
  9. Matsuo H. Prediction of the change in bone mineral density induced by gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist treatment for endometriosis. Fertil Steril. 2004;81:149
  10. Revilla R, Revilla M, Hernandez ER, et al. Evidence that the loss of bone mass induced by GnRH agonists is not totally recovered. Maturitas. 1995;22:145
  11. Surrey ES, Hornstein MD. Prolonged GnRH agonist and add-back therapy for symptomatic endometriosis: long-term follow-up. Obstet Gynecol. 2002;99:709
  12. Kiesel L, Schweppe KW, Sillem M, et al. Should add-back therapy for endometriosis be deferred for optimal results?. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1996;103(Suppl. 14):15
  13. National Center for Health Statistics, in collaboration with Center for Disease Control: 2000 CDC Growth Charts: United States. Available: http://www.cdc.gov/growthcharts. 2000. Accessed August 10, 2007
  14. Kelly TL. Bone mineral density reference databases for American men and women. J Bone Miner Res. 1990;5:S249
  15. Looker AC, Wahner HW, Dunn WL, et al. Proximal femur bone mineral levels of US adults. Osteoporos Int. 1995;5:389
  16. Zemel BS, Leonard MB, Kalkwarf HJ, et al. Reference data for the whole body, lumbar spine, and proximal femur for American children relative to age, gender, and body size. J Bone Miner Res. 2004;19(Suppl 1):S231
  17. Fernandez H, Lucas C, Hedon B, et al. One year comparison between two add-back therapies in patients treated with a GnRH agonist for symptomatic endometriosis: a randomized double-blind trial. Hum Reprod. 2004;19:1465
  18. Matkovic V, Jelic T, Wardlaw GM, et al. Timing of peak bone mass in Caucasian females and its implication for the prevention of osteoporosis. Inference from a cross-sectional model. J Clin Invest. 1994;93:799
  19. Hornstein MD, Yuzpe AA, Burry K, et al. Retreatment with nafarelin for recurrent endometrixosis symptoms: efficacy, safety, and bone mineral density. Fertil Steril. 1997;67:1013

PII: S1083-3188(07)00181-7

doi: 10.1016/j.jpag.2007.04.008

Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology
Volume 20, Issue 5 , Pages 293-297 , October 2007

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