Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology
Volume 22, Issue 1 , Pages 7-10 , February 2009

Rape: When the Exam Is Normal

  • Laura Slaughter, MD, FACP

      Affiliations

    • San Luis Obispo County SART Team, San Luis Obispo, California
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence to: Laura Slaughter, MD, Marian Medical Center, 1400 E Church Street, Santa Maria, California 93455.
    • ,
  • Tara Henry, RN, BSN, SANE-A

      Affiliations

    • Forensic Nurse Services, Anchorage, Alaska, USA

References 

  1. California Medical Protocol for the Examination of Sexual Assault and Child Abuse Victims. Sacramento: Office of Emergency Services; 2002;
  2. Slaughter L, Brown C. Colposcopy to establish physical findings in rape victims. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1992;166:83
  3. Slaughter L, Brown C, Shackleford S, et al. Patterns of genital injury in victims of sexual assault. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1997;176:609
  4. Jones J, Rossman L, Wynn B, Dunnuck C, et al. Comparative analysis of adult versus adolescent sexual assault: epidemiology and patterns of anogenital injury. Acad Emerg Med. 2003;10:872
  5. Riggs N, Houry D, Long G. Analysis of 1,076 cases of sexual assault. Ann Emerg Med. 2000;35:358
  6. Read K, Kufera J, Jackson M, et al. Population-based study of police-reported sexual assault in Baltimore, Maryland. Am J Emerg Med. 2005;23:273
  7. Sachs C, Chu L. Predictors of genitorectal injury in female victims of suspected sexual assault. Acad Emerg Med. 2002;9:146
  8. Grossin C, Sibille I, Lorin de la Grandmaison G, et al. Analysis of 418 cases of sexual assault. Forensic Sci Int. 2003;131:125
  9. Adams J, Girardin B, Faugno D. Adolescent sexual assault: documentation of acute injuries using photo-colposcopy. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2001;14:175
  10. Sugar N, Fine D, Eckert L. Physical injury after sexual assault: findings of a large case series. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2004;190:71
  11. Slaughter L. Involvement of drugs in sexual assault. J Reprod Med. 2000;45:425
  12. Abbey A, Zawacki T, Buck P, et al. Alcohol and sexual assault. Alcohol Res Health. 2001;25:43
  13. Testa M, Vanzile-Tamsen C, Livingston J. The role of victim and perpetrator intoxication on sexual assault outcomes. J Stud Alcohol. 2004;65:320
  14. Abbey A. Acquaintance rape and alcohol consumption on college campuses: how are they linked?. J Coll Health. 1991;39:165
  15. O'Connor PG, Schottenfeld RS. Patients with alcohol problems. N Engl J Med. 1998;338:592
  16. Babor T, Caetano R, Casswell S. Alcohol: no ordinary commodity—research and public policy. New York, NY: Oxford University Press; 2003;
  17. Flemming M, Barry K, Manwell L, et al. Brief physician advice for problem drinking. JAMA. 1997;277:1039
  18. Force UPST: Screening for alcohol misuse. In: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality RM, ed.; 2004.
  19. Ullman S. A critical review of field studies on the link of alcohol and adult sexual assault in women. Aggression Violent Behav. 2003;282:471
  20. Cartwright P. Factors that correlate with injury sustained by survivors of sexual assault. Obstet Gynecol. 1987;70:44
  21. Ramin S, Satin A, Stone I, et al. Sexual assault in postmenopausal women. Obstet Gynecol. 1992;80:860
  22. Seifert S. Substance Use and Sexual Assault. Subst Use Misuse. 1999;34:935
  23. Drocton P, Sachs C, Chu L, Wheeler M. Validation set correlates of anogenital injury after sexual assault. Academic Emergency Med. 2008;15:231–238
  24. Scott H, Beaman R. Demographic and situational factors affecting injury, resistance, completion, and charges brought in sexual assault cases: what is best for arrest?. Violence Vict. 2004;19:479
  25. McGregor M, Lipowska M, Shah S, et al. An exploratory analysis of suspected drug-facilitated sexual assault seen in a hospital emergency department. Women Health. 2003;37(3):71
  26. California Penal Code. Section 222

PII: S1083-3188(07)00294-X

doi: 10.1016/j.jpag.2007.09.002

Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology
Volume 22, Issue 1 , Pages 7-10 , February 2009

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