Human papillomavirus is the leading sexually transmitted infection with more than
80% of the worlds population exposed to at least one strain during their lifetime.
Humans utilize both their innate and adaptive immune system to contain or clear the
virus. However, immunosuppressed patients have defects in this process that can result
in condylomas, less common HPV related cancers, or cervical dysplasia and cancer at
a younger age. Thus, ACOG and the ASCCP recommend more frequent screening Pap smears
at an earlier age for those with HIV and those with similar immunosuppression.
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