Abstract
Study Objective
To evaluate characteristics of young women with endometrial hyperplasia or cancer.
Design
Retrospective chart review.
Setting
Tertiary care referral center.
Participants, Interventions, and Main Outcome Measures
We included 10- to 25-year-old young women seen at a single institution between 2006
and 2017 with International Classification of Diseases 9th and 10th revision codes
for endometrial cancer or hyperplasia (cases), or who underwent an endometrial biopsy
with other benign pathologic diagnoses (controls). Exclusions included a diagnosis
of Lynch syndrome. Comparisons were made using χ2, Fisher exact, and nonparametric Wilcoxon rank tests.
Results
Sixty-nine patients were identified: 13 cases, 54 controls, and 2 exclusions. Of the
13 cases, 3 had endometrial cancer, 5 had complex atypical hyperplasia (now called
endometrioid intraepithelial neoplasia), and 5 had hyperplasia without atypia. A higher
proportion of cases had a body mass index (BMI) greater than 30, compared with controls
(76.9% vs 40.4%; P < .03). The proportion of patients who had a BMI greater than 30 and were smokers
was significantly higher among cases (38.5% vs 9.3%; P < .02). The proportion of patients with a history of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
and smoking was also significantly different between groups (30.8% vs 3.7%; P < .01).
Conclusion
In women aged 25 years and younger with endometrial sampling, a BMI greater than 30
was statistically more common in patients with endometrioid intraepithelial neoplasia
or cancer. Although smoking or PCOS alone was not related to endometrial hyperplasia
or cancer in this small cohort study, there might be a relationship between endometrial
abnormalities and multiple exposures, including smoking and BMI greater than 30 or
smoking and a history of PCOS.
Key Words
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: June 18, 2019
Footnotes
The authors indicate no conflicts of interest.
Portions of these data were presented at the North American Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology 32nd Annual Clinical and Research Meeting in West Palm Beach, Florida, April 12-14, 2018.
Identification
Copyright
© 2019 North American Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology. Published by Elsevier Inc.
